Actin is a major cytoskeletal protein involved in diverse cellular functions including cell motility, adhesion, and morphology. Six different actin isoforms have been identified in vertebrates. There are four α isoforms: skeletal, cardiac, and two smooth muscle (enteric and aortic) actins, along with two cytoplasmic actins (β and γ). Actin exists in two principal forms, globular, monomeric (G) actin, and filamentous polymeric (F) actin. The assembly and disassembly of actin filaments, and also their organization into functional networks, is regulated by a variety of actin-binding proteins (ABPs). Phosphorylation may also be important for regulating actin assembly and interaction with ABPs. In Dictyostelium, phosphorylation of Tyr-53 occurs in response to cell stress and this phosphorylation may alter actin polymerization. In B cells, SHP-1 tyrosine dephosphorylation of actin leads to actin filament depolymerization following BCR stimulation.

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ECM Biosciences是一家著名的生物公司，开发新的生物技术的生命科学研究。公司工程与研究机构全球发展创新的工具，以提高研究和治疗相关的神经病理学，癌症，免疫功能障碍和心血管疾病。ECM Biosciences 的科学合作重点在分子组成部分，产生细胞运动的变化，细胞形状，促进细胞运动和细胞结构确定。细胞运动的重要作用在肿瘤细胞迁移，免疫细胞浸润，以及神经和血管修复。各种蛋白质在细胞外机质（ECM）周围细胞信号蛋白在细胞内的细胞骨架，以控制细胞运动 ECM Biosciences 生物利用创新肽和抗体为基础的办法，发展新的工具来检测和操作蛋白质功能的各个方面的细胞运动，如细胞黏附，细胞迁移和细胞信号。